How can the strength of associations between memories increase according to Aristotle's theory?

The correct choice emphasizes that the strength of associations between memories can increase through the frequency of pairing. Aristotle's theory, often referred to in the context of the laws of association, posits that regular and repeated connections between ideas or experiences lead to stronger links in memory. The more often two concepts are encountered together, the more likely they are to become associated in the mind. This principle of frequency highlights how repetition can solidify the relationship, making it easier to retrieve one memory when the other is recalled.

In contrast, dissimilarity, emotional connection, and external reinforcement play different roles in memory processes but do not directly emphasize the role of frequency as a primary mechanism for strengthening these associations. Dissimilarity may lead to better discrimination between memories rather than strengthening connections. Emotional connections can certainly enhance memory recall, but they don't inherently create a direct associative link through frequency. External reinforcement, while influential in learning contexts, isn't the core aspect of associative strength as defined in Aristotle's framework. Hence, focusing on frequency allows for a clearer understanding of how memories can be intertwined and reinforced over time.