What characteristic do the universal forms possess according to Plato's Theory of Forms?

According to Plato's Theory of Forms, universal forms are characterized as perfect and existing beyond physical reality. This theory posits that the material world we perceive with our senses is just a shadow or reflection of a higher, unchangeable realm of ideal forms. Plato believed these forms represent the true essence of concepts such as beauty, justice, and goodness—pure and perfect representations that are not subject to the imperfections and limitations found in the physical world.

In contrast to the fleeting and imperfect nature of physical objects, which can be measured and change over time, the universal forms exist in a realm that is eternal and unalterable. This distinction emphasizes the idea that while individual instances of objects may vary and deteriorate, the forms themselves remain constant and perfect.

The other options do not align with Plato's view; they either suggest that forms are subjective or dependent on physical reality, which is fundamentally at odds with the concept of universal forms existing as ideals beyond our sensory experiences.