What significant philosophical stance is Descartes known for beyond his evil demon hypothesis?

Descartes is primarily known for his philosophical stance of rationalism, which emphasizes the role of reason as the primary source of knowledge. Unlike empiricism, which posits that knowledge comes from sensory experience, rationalism asserts that certain truths can be understood through deductive reasoning and innate ideas. This is evident in Descartes' famous statement "Cogito, ergo sum" ("I think, therefore I am"), where he arrives at the certainty of his own existence through rational thought rather than empirical observation.

Rationalism also plays a significant role in Descartes’ broader philosophical system, as he sought to establish a foundation for knowledge that is indubitable. His method of systematic doubt, exemplified by the evil demon hypothesis, was part of an effort to strip away all beliefs that could be called into question, leaving only those that could withstand the most rigorous scrutiny through reason. In this way, Descartes laid the groundwork for modern philosophy and highlighted the importance of rational inquiry in the pursuit of truth.