What type of logic involves reasoning from specific instances to broader generalizations?

Inductive logic is identified as the process of reasoning from specific instances to broader generalizations. This method begins with observations or specific examples and synthesizes them to formulate a general rule or theory. For example, if several swans observed are white, one might induce that all swans are white, even though this conclusion would require further testing for validation.

This type of reasoning is foundational in scientific inquiry, where specific data points lead to hypotheses or theories that can be tested through further research. Inductive reasoning embraces uncertainty as it acknowledges that the conclusions drawn are not guaranteed to be true in every case, but rather suggest a probable trend based on the evidence at hand.

In contrast, deductive logic starts with general premises and moves to a specific conclusion, which is not the approach used in this question. Abductive logic involves forming the most likely explanation for a set of observations, and analogical reasoning involves drawing comparisons between similar cases to infer conclusions. Each of these reasoning types has distinct characteristics and applications, but in the context of moving from specific to general, inductive logic is the appropriate choice.